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Here are some of the fasted growing countries in the world: South Sudan (+4.7%)- Niger (+3.7%) and Angola (+3.3%) -Re.Statista 2024. And here are some countries experiencing the strongest decline: Latvia (-1.1%)- Lithuania (-1.1%) and Poland (-1%). But it is the case of Greece that seems the most worrying: this country which currently has around 10 million inhabitants could lose 1 million by2050. This prospect obviously threatens the revenues of the Greek state and the normal functioning of the labor market. It should be noted that the decline in births is a phenomenon that affects almost the whole of Europe. The UN confirms that the countries that are likely to register a decline in population size are mainly located in Eastern Europe but also in Japan and Cuba. Let us stress that 5 of the 15 countries with the largest population in 1950 were located in Europe. But by the end of the century there will be no European nation listed among the top 15 most populous countries, while seven African countries will appear on the list. Let us also stress that in 2100 China and India should still top the list of the world's most populous nations. That said, the law fertility rate will impact population growth almost throughout the world except for a few African countries. Let us also stress that since the 1960s the fertility rate around the world has decreased by more than half from over 5 children per woman to 3.30 in 1990 and to 2.20 today. In short, and to conclude in a positive way this subject which is so important for the future of our planet, we must emphasize that if the demographic decline continues it could also mean that it should be accompanied by a significant drop in demand for resources such as water and energy. And the result may be a slowdown in ongoing climate change.

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