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Water Resources Management: a Global Challenge

By 2030, the world is projected to face a 40% global water deficit (UN report). Ban- Ki-moon the Secretary-General of the UN explained the main substance of the problem in one sentence: "Water resources and the essential services they provide are among the keys to achieving poverty reduction, inclusive growth, public health, food security, lives of dignity for all and long-lasting harmony with Earth's essential ecosystems". Yet, the increasing demand for water, for both the industrial and agricultural needs often conflicts with the needs of a growing population affected by a lack of access to drinking water and sanitation. The agricultural sector is already the larger user of water resources accounting for 70% of all freshwater withdrawals globally (WWAP). And global demand for the manufacturing industry is expected to increase by some 400% by 2050 over 2000 levels. Today, 2.5 billion people worldwide depend solely on groundwater resources to satisfy their basic daily water needs. And the steady human migration from rural to urban areas inevitably exacerbates the problem of access to safe water and sanitation services. Urban populations are projected to increase to a total of more than 6 billion by 2050. And the world's slum population is expected to reach 900 million by 2020. Obviously, the situation of those people will be even more critical. Fortunately, the water management problem has been taken very seriously by all major international organisations. However, many governments and local authorities particularly in developing countries have not taken sufficient steps to tackle this issue. Yet, the over-exploitation of water resources is clearly a global phenomenon. That is why join efforts of governments, industrial and agricultural sectors are urgently needed to improve the critical management of water-resources.

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